Pytest Complete Course

📌 Module 1: Introduction to Pytest (Deep Dive)

• What is Pytest? Why is it preferred over unittest and nose?
• Understanding Pytest architecture & internal test discovery mechanism
• Installation using pip, virtual environments, dependency management
• Pytest test discovery rules: file naming, class naming, function naming
• Understanding how Pytest collects tests internally (collector, node, runner)
• Running tests with flags: -k, -m, -v, -q, --maxfail, --disable-warnings

# test_basic.py
# Pytest will auto-detect this file because it starts with "test_"
def test_example():
    assert 5 * 5 == 25

🧪 Module 2: Assertions (Low-Level Details)

• How Python's native assert works
• Difference between assert and unittest assertions
• String comparison, list comparison, dict comparison
• Floating point precision handling
• Exception validation using pytest.raises()
• Using match keyword inside raises() for error validation

def test_string_compare():
    assert "prakura".upper() == "PRAKURA"

def test_exception_message():
    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="invalid value"):
        raise ValueError("invalid value provided")

🔧 Module 3: Fixtures (Complete Low-Level Deep Dive)

• What is a fixture? Why Pytest fixtures are better than setup/teardown?
• Fixture scopes explained in detail with memory lifecycle:
• function: runs before every test
• class: runs once per test class
• module: created once per file
• session: created once per entire execution
• Autouse fixtures (automatic execution without calling)
• Fixture dependency chaining (fixtures using other fixtures)
• Fixture parametrization
• Returning vs yielding values
• Database/driver setup & teardown with yield
• Class-level fixtures vs module-level fixtures

@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def db_connection():
    print("Connecting to DB...")
    conn = {"status": "connected"}
    yield conn
    print("Closing DB connection")

🏷️ Module 4: Markers (Full Explanation)

• Built-in markers (skip, xfail, parameterize)
• Creating custom markers & registering in pytest.ini
• Running specific tests: pytest -m smoke
• Conditional skipping using skipif()
• Expected failures (xfail) with strict mode

@pytest.mark.regression
@ pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform == "win32", reason="Not supported on Windows")
def test_platform_feature():
    assert True

🔁 Module 5: Parametrization (Low-Level + Nested Parametrization)

• Single-parameter tests
• Multi-parameter tests
• Parametrizing fixtures
• Matrix-based parameterization
• Loading test data from CSV/JSON/YAML

@pytest.mark.parametrize("username, password", [
    ("admin", "admin123"),
    ("user", "pass123"),
])
def test_login(username, password):
    assert len(username) > 0 and len(password) > 0

📂 Module 6: conftest.py (Low-Level Internal Behavior)

• How Pytest discovers conftest.py
• Sharing fixtures across directories
• Multiple conftest.py files use-case
• Common mistakes and debugging fixture overrides

# conftest.py
@pytest.fixture
def api_base_url():
    return "https://api.prakura.in/v1"

⚙️ Module 7: Hooks (Internal Execution Flow)

• Understanding Pytest hook architecture
• pytest_configure
• pytest_runtest_setup
• pytest_runtest_call
• pytest_runtest_teardown
• Modifying test behavior dynamically

def pytest_runtest_setup(item):
    print(f"Setting up test: {item.name}")

📦 Module 8: Pytest Plugins (Deep Usage)

• pytest-xdist for parallel execution
• pytest-html for beautiful reports
• pytest-rerunfailures
• pytest-order
• pytest-cov for coverage
• Creating custom plugins

📊 Module 9: Reporting & Logging

• HTML and JUnit reports
• Customizing HTML report with environment metadata
• Log file generation
• Adding screenshots for Selenium tests

pytest --html=report.html --self-contained-html

🚀 Module 10: CI/CD Integration

• Running Pytest in GitHub Actions
• Running Pytest in Jenkins pipeline
• Artifacts & Report archival
• Version control workflows

🧪 Module 11: Real-Time Project (End-to-End)

• Building a complete automation framework
• Implementing fixtures + markers + parameterization
• Logging + reporting
• CI/CD execution